ASTM E2332-2004 物理元件故障的调查和分析的标准规程
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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforInvestigationandAnalysisofPhysicalComponentFailures
【原文标准名称】:物理元件故障的调查和分析的标准规程
【标准号】:ASTME2332-2004
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E58.02
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:分析;元件;故障;物理的
【英文主题词】:component;failureanalysis;failuremechanism;forensic
【摘要】:Thispracticeestablishesproceduresfortheinvestigationandevaluationofaphysicalcomponentfailure.Theframeworkandmethodologyoutlinedisnotexhaustive,asevaluationofcomplexcomponentfailuresoftenrequiresuniqueand/orhighlyspecializedanalyticalandinvestigativetechniques.Eachoftheoutlinedelementsofthepracticemaynotberequiredorpossibleforeachcomponent.1.1Thisstandardpracticefortheengineeringinvestigationandanalysisofcomponentfailurescoversthecollectionandanalysisofallinformationandphysicalevidencepertainingtothefailureorperceivedfailureofaspecificcomponent.Thedataandphysicalevidenceincludesbutarenotlimitedtobackgroundinformationregardingthedesign(ifavailable),fabricationandexpectedserviceconditionsofthecomponent,evidencepertainingtotheactualservicehistoryofthecomponent,andphysicalevidencerelatingtothecomponentfailure.Thenatureoftheuseoftheparticularcomponentisimmaterialwithrespecttothisstandard.Thisstandarddoesnotapplytosoftware.1.2Forthepurposeofcollectingandgeneratingdata,allvalueswillbeusedwithSI(English)units.Thisstandardmayinvolvehazardoussubstancesandobjects,operations,andequipment.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:N04
【国际标准分类号】:19_020
【页数】:2P.;A4
【正文语种】:
【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforLiquidLimit,PlasticLimit,andPlasticityIndexofSoils
【原文标准名称】:土壤的流限、塑限和塑性指数的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4318-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.03
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:activity;Atterberglimits;liquidlimit;plasticityindex;plasticlimit;Atterberglimits;Liquidlimitofsoil;Plasticityindex;Plasticlimitofsoil;Soil
【摘要】:Thesetestmethodsareusedasanintegralpartofseveralengineeringclassificationsystemstocharacterizethefine-grainedfractionsofsoils(seePracticesD2487andD3282)andtospecifythefine-grainedfractionofconstructionmaterials(seeSpecificationD1241).Theliquidlimit,plasticlimit,andplasticityindexofsoilsarealsousedextensively,eitherindividuallyortogether,withothersoilpropertiestocorrelatewithengineeringbehaviorsuchascompressibility,hydraulicconductivity(permeability),compactibility,shrink-swell,andshearstrength.Theliquidandplasticlimitsofasoilanditswatercontentcanbeusedtoexpressitsrelativeconsistencyorliquidityindex.Inaddition,theplasticityindexandthepercentagefinerthan2-x03BC;mparticlesizecanbeusedtodetermineitsactivitynumber.Thesemethodsaresometimesusedtoevaluatetheweatheringcharacteristicsofclay-shalematerials.Whensubjectedtorepeatedwettinganddryingcycles,theliquidlimitsofthesematerialstendtoincrease.Theamountofincreaseisconsideredtobeameasureofashale''ssusceptibilitytoweathering.Theliquidlimitofasoilcontainingsubstantialamountsoforganicmatterdecreasesdramaticallywhenthesoilisoven-driedbeforetesting.Comparisonoftheliquidlimitofasamplebeforeandafteroven-dryingcanthereforebeusedasaqualitativemeasureoforganicmattercontentofasoil(seePracticeD2487.Note18212;Thequalityoftheresultproducedbythisstandardisdependentonthecompetenceofthepersonnelperformingitandthesuitabilityoftheequipmentandfacilitiesused.AgenciesthatmeetthecriteriaofPracticeD3740,generally,areconsideredcapableofcompetentandobjectivetesting/sampling/inspection/etc.UsersofthisstandardarecautionedthatcompliancewithPracticeD3740doesnotinitselfassurereliableresults.Reliableresultsdependonmanyfactors;PracticeD3740providesameansofevaluatingsomeofthosefactors.1.1Thesetestmethodscoverthedeterminationoftheliquidlimit,plasticlimit,andtheplasticityindexofsoilsasdefinedinSection3onTerminology.1.2Twomethodsforpreparingtestspecimensareprovidedasfollows:Wetpreparationmethod,asdescribedin10.1.Drypreparationmethod,asdescribedin10.2.Themethodtobeusedshallbespecifiedbytherequestingauthority.Ifnomethodisspecified,usethewetpreparationmethod.1.2.1Theliquidandplasticlimitsofmanysoilsthathavebeenallowedtodrybeforetestingmaybeconsiderablydifferentfromvaluesobtainedonnon-driedsamples.Iftheliquidandplasticlimitsofsoilsareusedtocorrelateorestimatetheengineeringbehaviorofsoilsintheirnaturalmoiststate,samplesshouldnotbepermittedtodrybeforetestingunlessdataondriedsamplesarespecificallydesired.1.3Twomethodsfordeterminingtheliquidlimitareprovidedasfollows:MethodA,MultipointtestasdescribedinSections11and12.MethodB,One-pointtestasd......
【中国标准分类号】:B10
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:16P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:Industrialmicrowaveheatinginstallations-Testmethodsforthedeterminationofpoweroutput(IEC61307:2006);GermanversionEN61307:2006
【原文标准名称】:工业微波加热装置.输出功率测试方法(IEC61307-2006)
【标准号】:DINEN61307-2006
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2006-11
【实施或试行日期】:2006-11-01
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:定义;电热器;电气工程;加热;加热装置;工业的;工业设施;工业;测量;测量技术;微波器件;微波炉;性能试验;功率输出;试验
【英文主题词】:Definition;Definitions;Electricheatingappliances;Electricalengineering;Heating;Heatingappliances;Industrial;Industrialfacilities;Industries;Measurement;Measuringtechniques;Microwavedevices;Microwavestoves;Performancetesting;Poweroutput;Testing
【摘要】:ThisInternationalStandardisapplicabletoindustrialmicrowaveheatingequipmentandinstallationsusedforthepurposeofthermalapplicationtoloadscontainingwaterormoisture.
【中国标准分类号】:K61
【国际标准分类号】:25_180_10
【页数】:11P.;A4
【正文语种】:德语